Migration pains of Ukrainians in Russia

Glad you stopped by the blog, dear readers! Today I want to talk about the situation that my Ukrainian friend found herself in. She was tired of fighting poverty in her hometown and went to Moscow. I unofficially got a job, but did not buy a patent, because every penny counted. My friend acted according to a well-known scheme: she waited for the permissible period of stay to end, left the Russian Federation and came back again. But recently she inadvertently mixed up the dates, and she was not allowed back into Russia. Now she is visiting Kharkov and waiting for a Moscow friend to send her things and a bank card. To prevent you from getting into a similar situation, let’s figure out together how long Ukrainian citizens can stay in Russia.

How long can Ukrainian citizens stay in Russia without registration?

Since 2021, the procedure for entry and stay in Russia for Ukrainian citizens has changed. Before this, Ukrainians were allowed to stay in the Russian Federation for 90 days on the basis of only a migration card; then they crossed the border and immediately returned to Russian territory. But after the amendments were adopted, they were equal in rights to other CIS citizens. Taking into account the latest changes, in 2021 the rule “no more than 90 days out of 180” applies. This means that you can stay in the country for 3 months, after which you will have to leave and live in another state for the same period.

The law does not oblige you to stay in the Russian Federation for 90 days in a row. You have the right to live in the country continuously or enter and leave several times, counting the total time spent. In the latter case, keep an eye on the dates, because a mistake on one day will result in an entry ban for a period of 3 years.

Is the period of legal stay in Russia ending? Travel to Ukraine: you will be able to return to the Russian Federation in the next six months. In this case, the countdown of the period begins from the 1st day of the 1st border crossing.

The “90 out of 180” rule only applies in cases where you do not have grounds for permanent residence.

But 90 days are not provided by default. To stay on the territory of the Russian Federation legally, a citizen of Ukraine must register with migration authorities within 7 days after arrival. To do this, please contact the following organizations:

• federal postal service;
• MFC (if a citizen of another state owns a premises where he lives during his visit to Russia);
• territorial department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs at the place of actual residence.

To register, a passport, migration card and confirmation of the receiving party are required. Individuals and legal entities are allowed to act as the latter. The service is provided free of charge; All you need to do is provide a package of documents and fill out an application.

What does a citizen of Ukraine face if he violates the “90 out of 180” rule?

If you have exceeded your period of stay, it will become more difficult to legally settle in Russia for a long period of time. In addition, you will face a punishment, which is determined taking into account the number of extra days spent by a citizen of Ukraine on Russian territory:

1. Stayed in the country less than 3 months after the date you were supposed to leave the territory? You will pay a fine of 2,000–7,000 rubles. You will be forcibly deported, and you will be able to return after 3 years.
2. As a citizen of Ukraine, were you illegally staying in Russia for six months? Get ready for a fine of 7,000 rubles; The period of the entry ban will increase to 5 years.
3. Those who stayed on the territory of the Russian Federation for 7-9 extra months will have to pay a fine and leave the country for 10 years.

To avoid trouble, consider how long Ukrainian citizens can stay in Russia per year in 2021:

• do not exceed the limit of 180 days;
• leave the country after the first 90 days.

If you do end up expelled and banned from entry for several years, don't expect to return once the period is up. To visit the Russian Federation again, you will need to pay the costs associated with deportation.

What consequences of violations will you face in the future?

The consequences will overtake you in a few years:

1. he will not receive a work permit for the next 5 years For example, you were deported for 3 years: after their expiration, you will be able to visit your relatives or visit the country for tourism purposes. You won't be able to get a job legally.
2. Have you stayed in the Russian Federation several times for more than 90 days without legal grounds? After the second violation you will be deported for 10 years .

But compliance with the “90 out of 180” rule will not guarantee that you will be safely in the state. If you stated when crossing the border that you were traveling for tourism purposes, but in fact you were engaged in work activities, then you will face a fine and deportation.

Until 2014, people turned a blind eye to violations, especially when it came to women or people of retirement age. After the aggravation of relations between countries, one should not count on leniency.

How can a citizen of Ukraine avoid deportation from Russia: the “90 out of 180” rule has been violated

Failure to comply with deadlines will have unpleasant consequences even after several years. For example, in 2015 you missed the deadline, and in 2021, during your next entry into the Russian Federation, you wanted to move to permanent residence. But at the stage of inspection at the Ministry of Internal Affairs, employees will discover violations that are many years old. Result? Arrest, fine and deportation. True, the decision on deportation is made in court, so you have a chance for leniency: the basis may be the presence of close relatives, a child or a spouse with Russian citizenship.

Missed the deadline or forgot how long a citizen of Ukraine can stay in Russia without registration? Of course, it will not be possible to quickly acquire relatives or children. The option of marriage remains, but you should think about it in advance.

Sample stamp on a migration card

Let's consider the case when 90 days expire on December 30, 2018, and you plan to get married on January 5, 2020. Such a marriage will not be registered, since the registry office must provide evidence that a citizen of Ukraine is in the Russian Federation on legal grounds. Having common children will help save the situation, although even in this case the possibility of avoiding deportation is small. But any other development of events will lead to forced departure: it’s a matter of time.

If the 90 days have not yet expired, you have a chance to extend your stay using a trick. Try the following option: if you entered with a national passport, return to Ukraine, and then cross the border with the Russian Federation using a foreign passport. After all, the document has a different number, and the full name in it is indicated in Latin, which is what enterprising citizens take advantage of. But there remains a risk that the border guard will enter your full name in Cyrillic into the database: along with a match in date of birth, the service may notice fraud. In many ways, luck is determined by chance: how conscientiously the employees dealing with your matter treat their responsibilities. But in the future, such tricks may become an obstacle to obtaining a temporary residence permit (or they may not, depending on your luck).

Rules for the stay of citizens of Ukraine in the Russian Federation from January 1, 2021 Guvm (FMS)

CIS. They wanted to cancel the preferential regime, under which the three-month period of stay was automatically extended. It was assumed that at the end of 90 days, citizens of Ukraine need to return to their homeland. A second visit is possible only in the next six months - similar entry rules apply in the Schengen zone. Entry into Russia for Ukrainians: special regime Contents

• 1 Preferential treatment 1.1 Special case

Preferential regime The rules for the entry of Ukrainians into Russia were somewhat simplified: citizens of the neighboring country took advantage of the relaxations adopted in the Russian Federation in 2014 due to the difficult political situation in the Donbass.

Registration is possible for a period from two weeks to one year. Registration of citizens of Ukraine for migration registration As provided for by the Federal Law “On the Legal Status of Foreign Citizens in the Russian Federation” (dated July 25, 2002 N 115-FZ (as amended on December 30, 2015)), every foreign a citizen must register for migration within 7 days from the moment of arrival. As a rule, this responsibility is assigned not to the foreigner himself, but to the party receiving him on Russian territory - relatives, business partners, housing landlords, and so on. Basic rules for the stay of Ukrainian citizens on the territory of the Russian Federation Like other visitors from the CIS countries, they could stay in Russia for up to 90 days within six months, but it was allowed to increase this period on the basis of a passport and migration card.

This order was in force during the internal Ukrainian crisis. It was very difficult to control the place of stay and route of movement of visitors, and this situation cannot but affect security in the country. To cope with this problem, the Law “On Migration Registration of Foreign Citizens and Stateless Persons in the Russian Federation” dated July 18, 2006 No. 109-FZ was adopted. Temporary registration is a notification from the Main Directorate for Migration of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation about the arrival of a migrant on the territory of Russia. After entering the country, a foreign citizen must register at his place of residence within seven days, for which he must contact the territorial migration service office. back to contentThe period of stay of foreign citizens in the Russian Federation Interstate relations between Ukraine and Russia remain tense.

How long can Ukrainian citizens stay in Russia with registration?

To understand how long Ukrainian citizens can stay in Russia per year in 2021 with registration, you should understand the terms. Visitors confuse the concept of migration registration and registration:

1. Registration at the place of stay involves informing government authorities about the arrival of a citizen of Ukraine. The staging is carried out by the host party, so there is no need to go personally to the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The fact that the procedure has been carried out is confirmed by the presence of a detachable part of the notification form. In conversation, registration is also called registration at the place of residence or temporary registration.
2. Permanent registration is required for Ukrainians who have received a residence permit (up to 5 years) or a temporary residence permit (up to 3 years). It will not become a basis for staying in the country - the right to stay in the Russian Federation will be confirmed by a temporary residence permit stamp or a residence permit certificate.

On what other grounds can you stay in the country? The procedure for entry and stay in Russia for Ukrainian citizens implies that they have grounds to stay for more than 90 days in the following cases:

• for studying at a university;
• after signing an employment contract, being invited as a highly qualified specialist or acquiring a patent for work;
• after receiving refugee status;
• when providing temporary asylum.

When you get a job or buy a patent, the period of permissible residence in the Russian Federation is allowed to be extended for the duration of the document. But the time period will not exceed 1 year .

Registration procedure

In order to legally stay in Russia, any foreigner must go through the registration procedure upon arrival.

A foreigner must register at his place of residence in Russia within 7 days from the moment of crossing the border.

If a foreigner lives in a hotel, then the hotel administration deals with registration issues. If a citizen of another state arrived in the Russian Federation privately, then registration issues should be handled by a representative of the receiving party.

On the Internet you can find many advertisements offering registration in Moscow for citizens of Ukraine. However, it should be remembered that registration must be done at the place of actual residence. A fine will be imposed for fictitious registration.

Documentation

To obtain temporary registration, you should contact the branch of the Federal Migration Service or post office. It should be noted that when contacting the FMS directly, the data appears in the database immediately. When using postal services, data about a foreign person is transferred to the migration service with some delay.

The minimum list of documents required to obtain temporary registration of a Ukrainian:

• internal or foreign passport,
• application for registration,
• migration card,
• a document confirming the right to use housing (apartment rental agreement, certificate of ownership, etc.).

On reception days, citizens must contact the FMS with a complete package of documents. The maximum period of stay for Ukrainian citizens in Russia is 90 days. If necessary, it can be extended.

This video will tell you about the procedure for registering a foreign citizen.

Legalization of stay in Russia: purchasing a labor patent or studying at a university

Did you not like the answer to the question of how long a citizen of Ukraine can stay in Russia without registration? Get your stay legalized in advance. The easiest way is to purchase a work patent. Based on this paper, you will spend 1 year in the country; After this period, documents can be renewed. In total, a work patent gives the right to stay in the Russian Federation for 2 years.

What does a citizen of Ukraine need to obtain a patent?

Follow the procedure:

1. Start preparing to obtain a patent at the stage of filling out the migration card. By indicating that you are traveling for tourism purposes, you will deprive yourself of the opportunity to work. In order to later buy a patent, you will have to leave the territory and enter again. Write right away that you are going to work!
2. Having arrived at your destination, do not delay in registering for migration.
3. To apply for a patent, go to the MFC : you will undergo a medical examination, pass an exam on knowledge of the language and history of the Russian Federation, and obtain insurance. The document can also be obtained from the Ministry of Internal Affairs, but you will need to go through other authorities. It is important that you submit your documents within 30 days from the date of crossing the border! If the deadlines are violated, you will have to pay a fine of 10,000–15,000 rubles. You can turn to intermediary firms that speed up the paperwork process.
4. Once you receive a patent, do not forget to pay it monthly. It is also necessary to conclude a contract with the employer within 2 months. from the date the paper was issued to you.

If you can fill out the documents yourself, pass the language proficiency exam, etc., then the initial expenses will be 15,000-20,000 rubles. Costs often increase when a citizen comes from Western Ukraine: residents of some regions do not speak Russian. In such cases, employees often offer “help in resolving the issue.” You will have to pay 2,000 rubles for the pleasure, if you speak any Russian; in other cases the amount increases.

It is important that obtaining a patent does not automatically imply the right to remain in the country for the entire period of its validity. Without employment or timely payment, you will be deported.

It is also possible to conclude an employment contract for a period of 1 year - based on the paper, you will receive permission to stay in Russia. You can renew it an unlimited number of times as long as your passport is valid.

What are the rules for Ukrainians staying in Russia in 2021?

Of course, for this you need to fulfill a number of conditions and meet the requirements. In order to obtain a work permit in 2021, you must submit certain documents to the Main Administration for Migration and Migration (FMS):

• international passport;
• migration card;
• set of photographs;
• confirmation of Russian language proficiency;
• medical certificate and certificate of absence of AIDS;
• rental agreement;
• receipt for payment of state duty.

In some cases, additional documents may be required. As for the education of Ukrainians in Russia in 2021, everything here follows a similar pattern.

However, instead of an employment contract, you must present documents from the university confirming your enrollment. A nice bonus in 2021 is that students can officially work during their studies.

How long can a Ukrainian citizen stay in Russia to study?

How long can a Ukrainian citizen who came to enroll in a university stay in Russia? According to the latest changes, permission is issued for the entire period of study. In this case, the responsibilities of the host party are assigned to the educational institution; documents for legalization of stay are submitted directly to the establishment. You can specify a rented apartment or dormitory as your place of residence.

Arrived in the Russian Federation to study? You will be able to stay in the country for the entire period until you receive your diploma. During the holidays you are allowed to visit Ukraine or stay in Russia.

Order of stay of Ukrainians in Russia in 2021

Russia can stay continuously (or intermittently) for no more than 90 days (three months) within six months. If the period of legal stay comes to an end, the foreigner needs to leave the Russian Federation and the next visit can be made in another six months. Rules for the entry of Ukrainian citizens into Russia Important All others must confirm their own status and legalize their presence in the country. For those who further intend to stay in Russia, there are several ways to legitimize their position: From now on, Russian hospitality is available only to persons with legal grounds. From now on, it is imperative to fill out the migrant card correctly - accurately indicate the dates of arrival and departure, the purpose for which the trip is being carried out, it must coincide with the actual intentions of the person.

Residence permit for citizens of Ukraine: stay in the Russian Federation legally

So that you don’t worry about the question of how long Ukrainian citizens can stay in Russia per year in 2021, get a residence permit. The period of stay on its basis is 5 years . It decreases in the following cases:

• you are a highly qualified specialist invited to work, but the contract is concluded for a period of less than 5 years;
• Your national passport will expire sooner.

If you received a residence permit as a person recognized as a native speaker of the Russian language, then the residence permit will be issued only for 3 years . But the document is subject to repeated renewal, so if you comply with the law, there will be no problems.

Citizens of Ukraine who have spent at least 1 year in Russia on the basis of a temporary residence permit can obtain a residence permit. In addition to them, paper is issued to the following categories:

• highly qualified specialists (with a salary of 170,000 rubles or more per month, and the amount includes bonuses) and their family members;
• Ukrainians working on official grounds;
• persons recognized as native speakers of the Russian language.

The application is reviewed within 6 months. at her request (3 months for highly qualified specialists). If the decision is made in favor of a citizen of Ukraine, he is provided with social rights on an equal basis with Russians. Later, he can obtain Russian citizenship and stay on its territory without renewing his papers.

What a citizen of Ukraine needs to consider when obtaining a residence permit

To obtain a residence permit, on the basis of which you will stay in Russia for 5 years, the Ministry of Internal Affairs needs the following documents:

• statement;
• national or foreign passport;
• certificates confirming that you have passed a medical examination and do not have dangerous diseases;
• certificate of income in form 3-NDFL, 2-NDFL or on the status of the deposit;
• documents confirming that you have passed the exam on knowledge of the Russian language and Russian history;
• receipt of payment of state duty;
• TIN.

The package varies depending on the basis on which you receive a residence permit. If you have a child who is a citizen of the Russian Federation, you will need a certificate. Those who rely on a residence permit due to marriage to a Russian will also need a corresponding document. And those born on the territory of what is now the Russian Federation during Soviet times will need a paper confirming this fact.

The problem arises for citizens of Ukraine who have an old-style international passport with a temporary residence permit stamp (on its basis they are granted a residence permit). When a personal ID expires, owners think that when they are replaced, they will be issued a new document in the form of a plastic card in their home country. You cannot put a mark on receipt of a temporary residence permit in a biometric passport, so Ukrainians do not know what to do. But in such cases, you can simply obtain a residence permit on the basis of an internal passport of your native state. If the national identity identifier becomes invalid after the note about the temporary residence permit, then there are no problems with the residence permit. The fact is that a stamp in the passport is not needed in such cases.

What you need to know about obtaining a residence permit

The desire to be in the country legally is understandable, but difficulties await you on the path to legalizing your status. Most of those who submit documents complain about the rudeness and dismissive attitude of employees. The most common complaints are:

1. It is impossible to reach the telephone numbers listed on the websites.
2. In the departments, the windows of the assistants are simply closed; it is not possible to obtain a preliminary consultation.
3. Receipts and application forms are missing; at best, you will be offered to make a photocopy at your own expense; at worst, you will be asked to take a photo of the form on your phone and print it out.
4. Employees refuse consultation if you have questions about filling out applications, and send you to a special window. The further development of events depends on luck: either there is no reception, or there is a queue of 40-50 people in front of the door. But the main problem is that consultants give incorrect information. You have to urgently complete the missing documents and think whether the employee is tired or incompetent.

For a long time, it was possible to submit an application through the State Services website, but as of December 2021, the function is inactive. If you are determined to obtain a residence permit and stay in Russia legally, there is only one way out - be prepared that the process will be difficult and unpleasant, and go towards the goal. But, having completed the task, you will be able to stay in the Russian Federation for 5 years.

You will learn how long Ukrainian citizens must stay in Russia with a residence permit from the video:

How long can a Ukrainian citizen who has received refugee status stay in Russia?

Some Ukrainians have the right to stay in the Russian Federation as refugees. Another option is to obtain temporary asylum, because this status is different from temporary stay for 90 days.

If your situation fits the criteria specified by law, you will not have to think about how many months a Ukrainian citizen can stay in Russia. The length of stay is set as follows:

• refugee status gives the right to stay in the country for 3 years (the period is not specified in the legislation, but in practice this option exists);
• temporary asylum is granted for 1 year .

It can be difficult to obtain the opportunity to legally stay on Russian territory in such cases due to quotas. The nuances depend on where you are going: forget about Moscow or St. Petersburg right away. It is possible to go to the regions under a quota, but it is not a fact that you will find a job. From your modest income you will have to pay for utilities, and possibly even rent. Indeed, despite the government’s assurances, the conditions in the free housing provided are often unbearable.

But, even if there is a quota, you will need to prove that you are really in danger in Ukraine. The task will not be difficult for citizens coming from the Donetsk or Lugansk region. The rest should think about the issue and, if necessary, agree to provide temporary asylum.

Another problem is that the passport of a citizen of Ukraine will have to be surrendered . It will be returned when the refugee status expires. But you won’t be able to return to your homeland at first, so weigh your decision. True, this does not mean that you will become a prisoner in Russia - the document will be given at your request. According to the law, it is required to be returned as soon as you submit an application, but in practice you have to wait.

Frequently asked questions: what you need to know

Citizens of Ukraine who wish to stay in Russia as refugees or persons granted temporary asylum ask the following questions:

1. Is it possible to hand over a foreign passport while staying in the Russian Federation as a refugee and keep the national one? There is no point in such an action. If you receive the requested status, then during your stay in the Russian Federation your identity will be confirmed by the issued certificate. When you, if you have it, enter Ukraine unauthorized, the fact of crossing the border will be recorded by the Russian FSB. As a result, your status will be cancelled.
2. How long does it take to issue a Ukrainian passport? According to the law, it will be returned as soon as you lose your refugee status.
3. Will it be possible to leave Russia? No.
4. Are marks placed in a Ukrainian passport if a citizen receives refugee status or the right to temporary asylum? No.

Take these nuances into account, and unpleasant surprises will be avoided.

Rules for the stay of Ukrainians in Russia in 2021

After this, authorized employees will put a corresponding stamp on the Ukrainian’s migration card. All applications from Ukrainian citizens, including applications for temporary asylum and citizenship, are reviewed by the FMS as soon as possible, using a simplified system. Please note that at the moment, at the legislative level, a quota has been introduced for each region of Russia for the reception and placement of Ukrainian citizens. This is necessary so that in large cities of the Russian Federation the situation with visitors does not become widespread. If the quota is exhausted, Ukrainians may be sent to nearby settlements.

What is the best status for a citizen of Ukraine to be in Russia?

Will you be able to stay in Russia for a long time? The answer depends not on the status in which you are in the territory, but on your understanding of why you came and what you are going to do. First of all, this applies to refugees! Since 2014, the majority have already become convinced that luxurious housing and decent work are not provided for nothing. The main thing to remember is that Russia has enough of its own citizens. No matter what status you are in, no one is going to “give” you anything. Where you will live and work is primarily your problem, and you need to solve it.

Personally, I concluded that it is most profitable to purchase a patent and work in Moscow or St. Petersburg. But the question of money arises: you will need to pay for a permit and live on something for the first time. Therefore, by the time you arrive, you need to imagine what you are going to do! This option is suitable for people with a profession, and it is advisable that you have friends in the city, or better yet, at the same enterprise where you will be applying. If everything goes well, then you will apply for a temporary residence permit, and then for a residence permit. Here you have 2 options: wait for years or pay for a quota. It will be difficult to raise money, but if you have a profession and do not support small children or elderly parents in need of treatment, it is, in principle, possible.