Are Kyrgyzstan and Kyrgyzstan the same thing or not?

It often happens that in Russia one official name of a state (country) or republic is accepted, but in the national language the official name of the same state (country, republic) sounds completely different. Many such examples with double names of republics (countries, states) can be found on Wikipedia. For example, you can type the phrase “Wikipedia Kyrgyzstan” into any Internet search engine.

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During the Soviet era, this country was officially included in the list of member states of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. In Russia, this state bore the official name “Kyrgyz Republic.” However, residents of the country believe that the correct name of their native state is not Kyrgyz, but the Kyrgyz Republic. Which version of the official name of the state is considered correct? Accepted in Russia or accepted in Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyzstan)?

What is the correct name for the Republic of Kyrgyzstan?

In fact, both versions of the official name of the state “Kyrgyz Republic” have the right to exist, despite the fact that one of them (“Kyrgyzstan”) is adopted exclusively in Russia, and the second version (“Kyrgyzstan”) is distributed exclusively among the indigenous inhabitants of the state . This is due to the following reasons:

• Language differences between Russia and the Kyrgyz Republic;
• The established historical tradition;
• With the fact that the sound “y” in Russia is found in words much less often than in Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyzstan);
• With the desire of local residents of the country of Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyzstan) for their cultural and ethnic identity and independence from Russia.

Residents of Russia are much more accustomed to calling this country “Kyrgyzstan,” since the words “Kyrgyzstan” and “Kyrgyz” sound somewhat unusual to the Russian ear. In contrast, speakers of the Kyrgyz (Kyrgyz) language recognize only one variant of the name of their country. This option sounds like “Kyrgyz Republic” or “Kyrgyzstan”. So there is simply no consensus on this matter , there cannot be one, this is quite understandable. In Russia they say “Kyrgyz”, and in Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyzstan) they say “Kyrgyz”, “Kyrgyzstan”. But “Kyrgyzstan” and “Kyrgyzstan” are the same country.

Linguistic explanation of different names for the same country

Are Kyrgyzstan and Kyrgyzstan two different countries? No. In fact, “Kyrgyz Republic” and “Kyrgyz Republic” are one and the same thing. Whether to say “Kyrgyz” or “Kyrgyz” correctly depends on what language the person speaks. In Russia, in the Russian language, this country is called the "Kyrgyz Republic" or "Kyrgyzstan", in Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyz Republic), in the Kyrgyz language , it is called the "Kyrgyz" Republic or "Kyrgyzstan".

Linguists explain this phenomenon as follows:

• Kyrgyzstan is the abbreviated name for the Kyrgyz Republic or Kyrgyzstan. In all government documents of the Russian Federation, Kyrgyzstan is written as “Kyrgyz Republic” or “Kyrgyzstan”, and this corresponds to the norms of the Russian language, and in Kyrgyz the official name sounds like “Kyrgyzstan”.
• In the state national language, the country is usually called “Kyrgyzstan”, and in various international organizations, including the United Nations, the country is written and pronounced in Latin as “Kyrgyzstan”.
• However, in Russian, using the Cyrillic alphabet, you need to write and speak correctly in accordance with orthoepic standards as “Kyrgyzstan” or the abbreviated version - “Kyrgyzstan”.
• Historically, the name “Kyrgyzstan” appeared since the time of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, when the state was called the “Kyrgyz SSR”, and in the national language it was called “Kyrgyz SSR”, in the abbreviated version - Kyrgyzstan. In the Kyrgyz national language, the letter I is not used at all; it is replaced with a more rigid analogue Y. The situation is similar with China; in Kyrgyz and many other Turkic languages, the name of this country sounds like “K y tai”. However, in Russia it is officially accepted to write and pronounce the names of these countries with the letter I, in accordance with the norms of spelling, phonetics, orthoepy of the state language of the country - the Russian language.

Responsibility for violation of migration rules by citizens of Kyrgyzstan

Responsibility for violations of migration rules falls not only on arriving foreign citizens, but also on the receiving party and employers. The amounts of fines are assigned in accordance with the severity of the violation and the region. Thus, in Moscow, the Moscow region, St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region they are on average 2 times higher than in other cities of Russia. Table of violations and amounts of fines charged:

There are a number of violations for which a fine alone cannot be satisfied. Offenders will be temporarily banned from entering the country in the following cases:

• During the previous period of stay in the Russian Federation, the person did not leave the country after 30 days from the end of temporary registration. The entry ban lasts for 3 years from the date of departure to your home country.
• During the previous period of stay in the Russian Federation, the person was in the country for more than 180 days, but up to 270 days after the expiration date of temporary registration. The entry ban lasts for 5 years. If a foreign citizen stayed in the Russian Federation illegally for more than 270 days, the ban increases to 10 years.
• The person was brought to administrative responsibility more than 2 times (fines for driving, non-payment of debts on loans, utilities, etc.). The ban period is 5 years from the date of entry into force of the last decision on an administrative violation.
• The person was expelled from the country by court decision. A person does not have the right to return to Russia earlier than after 5 years.

Citizens of the Kyrgyz Republic can apply to any court and internal affairs bodies, submit petitions and complaints, act as witnesses, and bring claims under the same conditions as citizens of the Russian Federation.

What is Kyrgyzstan called in other languages?

Thus, in Russia it is traditional to say and write “Kyrgyzstan”, “Kyrgyz”, “Kyrgyzstan”, “Kyrgyz” and “Kyrgyz”. On the contrary, in Turkic languages ​​it is common to say and write “Kyrgyzstan”, “Kyrgyz”, “Kyrgyz”, “Kyrgyz”.

What is Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyzstan) called in other languages ​​of the world:

• Kyrgyzstan in Chinese is called 吉尔吉斯斯坦 （ Jí'ěrjísī sītǎn), pronounced (according to Russian transcription) as dzhierdzhizysytan;
• In Germany, the name Kirgisien (read as Kyrgyzian) is accepted;
• In South and North Korea 키르기스스탄 (kileugiseuseutan) (pronounced roughly as kileugisesetan);
• In Tajikistan - Kyrgyziston (Qirƣiziston), read as kirgyziston;
• In Thailand, คีร์กีสถาน (Khīr̒kī s̄t̄hān), read as khirkistan.

⚓ Requirements for applying for a job

To get a job, residents of Kyrgyzstan do not need to pass a Russian language exam or obtain a patent or work permit. You must present your passport, international card and registration coupon to the organization. If necessary, the employer may ask for a translation of educational documents and work records.

Upon employment, the organization will register the foreigner with the Pension Fund, and he will receive a pension insurance certificate (SNILS). He must also be registered with the tax office, where he is assigned a TIN (payer identification number). You need to do this yourself. He gets both numbers once in his life. If a citizen of Kyrgyzstan previously worked under a patent, then he has a TIN.

According to the Eurasian Treaty, residents of the republic are granted the same rights as Russian workers. All taxes and obligatory payments are transferred from their salary. Therefore, they have the right to pay for sick leave, and the length of service earned in Russia is taken into account in Kyrgyzstan. To learn how to apply for a voluntary health insurance policy, watch the video.

Family members of a citizen of Kyrgyzstan can live with him for the entire period of his work, subject to registration with migration authorities. Children attend school and kindergarten on a regular basis.

Kyrgyz speakers: a quick reference

Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyzstan) currently has a population of just over five million people. These are mainly speakers of the Kyrgyz (Kyrgyz) language - the Kyrgyz, one of the largest nationalities of the Turkic language group. Native speakers of the national language live throughout the country, especially many Kyrgyz (Kyrgyz) live in rural areas, while in cities there are many more representatives of other nationalities.

Also in the territory of Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyzstan) many Tajiks, Uyghurs and representatives of the Dungan people live. The Russian population and Russian speakers belonging to other nationalities constitute only one percent of the total population of the state. Most of the country's inhabitants live in the valleys. This is the Chui Valley, which borders the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as the Fergana Valley, which borders the Republic of Uzbekistan. Also, high population density is observed in the valleys of the Naryn River and the Talas River. Another densely populated area of ​​the country is the basin of Lake Issyk-Kul.

⚓ Procedure for registration and stay

Compared to residents of other CIS countries, the requirements for visitors from the EAEU countries are reduced.

1. Citizens of Kyrgyzstan can stay in Russia without registering for migration for up to 30 days. After this, they must register at their location.
2. If they have concluded an employment or civil contract for the provision of services, then they can legally stay in Russia until its expiration.
3. Without employment, stay is limited to 90 days, the same as for other foreigners.
4. Upon dismissal from work, if more than 3 months have passed since entry, the migrant worker can enter into an agreement with another employer within 15 days without traveling abroad.
5. When moving to another city in the Russian Federation, you need to register at your place of stay within 7 days.
6. A citizen of Kyrgyzstan who is outside his republic for more than 90 days is required to register with the consulate at his Embassy.

The receiving party must register the migrant with the migration register. This can be a legal entity - an organization, or a private one - the owner of the apartment who provided housing. If a foreigner lives in a hostel, hotel, or hostel, this is done by the administration of the institution. She provides the Ministry of Internal Affairs with a copy of her passport and migration card, and in return receives a tear-off coupon from the notification, which indicates the end date of registration.

Changes from March 20, 2019. From the specified date for registering a foreigner with migration registration, the receiving party indicates additional information in the notification of his arrival and attaches a copy of the documents for the premises provided for residence to the foreign citizen:

1) details of the document certifying the right of ownership of the premises (ownership certificate number, entry number in the Unified State Register of Real Estate on the extract, if there is no certificate, lease agreement);

2) when registering a citizen from a member country of the EAEU (including Kyrgyzstan) with members of his family, it is necessary to provide a copy of an employment or civil law contract for work and copies of documents confirming family relationships.

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 249 of 03/07/2019, new edition of Post. No. 9 of January 15, 2007 (on the procedure for migration registration).

Main attractions of Kyrgyzstan

Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyzstan) has a unique history that goes back to ancient times.
The country has more than five thousand archaeological and architectural attractions that played a big role in the history of the state. The location of Kyrgyzstan, the lack of proximity to the sea and the proximity to the desert regions of Central and Central Asia, the significant elevation of the land above sea level and the significant bifurcation of the relief have become the reason for the exceptional uniqueness and originality of natural landscapes. The country has turbulent mountain rivers, beautiful lakes that are located high in the mountains, numerous picturesque and powerful waterfalls, high mountain peaks and ridges, fantastic cliffs, various mountain gorges, passes, healing water fountains, mysterious caves.

The picturesque Chui Valley is famous for its turbulent mountain rivers and unusually diverse natural-territorial complexes.

Not far from the capital there are such natural attractions as the very picturesque mountain gorge Chunkurchak at the upper mouth of the Alamedin River, the nearby Alamedin hot spring field, the Chon-Aryk State Botanical Reserve in the Besh-Kungey lands, the amazingly beautiful natural gorges of Kara-Balta, Aspara, Jilamish, as well as Kegeti with its world-famous powerful waterfall.

No other country in Central Asia has such a large number of medicinal springs as in the Chui Valley.

The main historical and architectural monuments of Kyrgyzstan are largely associated with the peoples who lived on this land before the appearance of the Kyrgyz (Kyrgyz). The most striking example is the ancient Buranskoe settlement, on the territory of which there is a twenty-meter tower built a thousand years ago. Previously, it was twice as high as it is now, but then it was seriously damaged by an earthquake and partially went underground as a result of a sinkhole. In addition to this unique tower, the ancient settlement preserves the ruins of ancient buildings and fragments of a powerful double fortress wall. There are also several nature reserves there, including the world-famous large national park Ala-Archa.

Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyzstan) attracts travelers from all over the world not only with the convenience and first-class service of its tourist hotels in the Issyk-Kul region and in large cities, but also with its favorable location and relatively inexpensive cost of tourist holidays.

Rules for entry into the Russian Federation for citizens of the Kyrgyz Republic in 2021

A mandatory procedure that all foreign citizens must undergo is registration with the migration service. This requirement applies to all foreign citizens who plan to stay in Russia for more than 1 month. This process also involves the receiving party, that is, the owner of the apartment or house in which the foreign person will stay. If he stays at a hotel, the host is understood to be the administration of this hotel.

To register, you will need to contact the territorial unit of the Main Directorate for Migration of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation in accordance with your address. When applying, you will need to present a passport, as well as a migration card, which the foreigner filled out when entering the country. Based on such documents, the person hosting the foreigner will fill out a notification of his arrival at the place of stay. If a tourist does not plan to stay in the country for more than 1 month, then registration is not required. The migration card must contain the following information:

• Full name of the foreigner;
• Date of Birth;
• Purpose of the visit;
• Place of residence;
• Date of entry into the country.

While the foreign person is in Russia, the migration card must be kept with him; upon leaving the country, the card will be handed over to the border guards.

Brief geographical information

The Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyzstan, Kyrgyzstan) is a state (republic) located in Central Asia.
Kyrgyzstan borders on the north with the Republic of Kazakhstan, on the east and also on the southeast on the Republic of China, on the southwest on Tajikistan, and on the west on the Republic of Uzbekistan. Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyzstan, Kyrgyzstan) is a purely mountainous country. Most of the state of Kyrgyzstan is part of the Tien Shan mountain system. Mountain ranges occupy approximately one quarter of the country's area and stretch in parallel chains, usually in the latitudinal direction. From the east, the main ridges of the Tien Shan mountain system meet in the area of ​​the Meridional Ridge, forming a large-scale mountain junction. And only the southwestern part is related to the Pamir-Alai . In the middle between the Kungoy-Ala-Too and Terskey-Ala-Too ridges there is a deep depression.

Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyzstan) is one of the largest regions, which contains a network of modern high-mountain glaciers with a total area of ​​more than eight thousand square kilometers, which is approximately four percent of the entire territory of the state.

The country has more than three thousand mountain lakes, including the world famous Lake Issyk-Kul - one of the deepest on earth (the greatest depth is just under seven hundred meters). The largest rivers of Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyzstan) - Chu, Naryn and Talas, have their sources high in the mountains.

Hiring citizens of Kyrgyzstan

In 2009, at a meeting with journalists, Dmitry Medvedev (then the President of the Russian Federation) was advised to correctly name the neighboring country. Literally it sounded like this: “8 letters, the fourth is a, at the end is a soft sign.” The remark, although it was of a humorous nature, however, the head of state promised to restore order and put an end to the question: “The Republic of Belarus or Belarus?”

Please note => Decree of the government of the Krasnoyarsk Territory on minimum wages from January 1, 2021 in the Krasnoyarsk Territory with a regional coefficient